Rockwell's & Arnold's Take on Brown v Board: The Journey of a Painting: A Timeline

1896-Plessy v Ferguson -made segregation legal by decreeing "separate but equal."

1936 University of Maryland v. Murray-the State Supreme Court orders U of M to accept a black law student on the grounds that there is no black law school

1940-Federal Court equalized pay for black and white teachers

1948-Arkansas State integrated

1954-Brown v Board of Education-overturned Plessy v Ferguson striking down "separate but equal"

1954-Bolling v Sharpe-Supreme Court said the Federal Government must desegregate schools in Washington, DC

1955-1960 federal courts rule on 200 + desegregation cases

1956-University of Alabama is mandated to allow its first black student, Autherine Lucy

1956-State of Virginia refuses desegregation; says will close schools before they integrate

1959-25,000 marchers protest segregation in DC

1960-Ruby Bridges escorted to Franz Elementary, an all white school

1963-Norman Rockwell depicts Ruby Bridges' first day in The Problem We All Live With

1963- Two African Americans successfully enter University of Alabama where Gov. Wallace was standing trying to prevent them

1964-Civil Rights Act passed; part of which outlaws discrimination by anyone receiving federal assistance

1968-Green v. County School Board of New Kent County-Court rules that states must completely desegregate in all aspects

1969-Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education-"all deliberate speed" is invalid and demands desegregation of all schools in Mississippi at once

1971- Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education-Court says that busing and other methods are appropriate to segregate

1988-integration reaches all time high

1992- United States v. Fordice states that "race-neutral" measures do not equal desegregation

Resource

Teaching Tolerance. (2004, Spring). Brown v. Board: Timeline of school integration in the U.S.. Teaching Tolerance, 25. Retrieved from http://www.tolerance.org

Image taken from: http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/general_library/archives/exhibits/civilrights/segregation/images/sunflower.html

Image taken from: http://www.aarp.org/politics-society/history/info-01-2013/1963-retrospective-the-struggle-for-civil-rights.html#slide9

Image taken from: http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/general_library/archives/exhibits/civilrights/segregation/images/sunflower.html

Image taken from: http://www.aarp.org/politics-society/history/info-01-2013/1963-retrospective-the-struggle-for-civil-rights.html#slide4

Two Differing Opinions of The Court About Affirmative Action

“The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to stop discriminating on the basis of race.” Chief Justice Roberts 2007

“The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to speak openly and candidly on the subject of race, and to apply the Constitution with eyes open to the unfortunate effects of centuries of racial discrimination.” Justice Sotomayor
2014

Liptak, A. (2014, April 22). Court backs Michigan on affirmative action. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

One Final Note...

Remember that racist governor from Alabama, Mr. George
Wallace that stood in the doorway to prevent two African Americans from attending the University of Alabama in back in 1963? Well he is surely turning over in his grave because the last barrier of segregation has fallen at the University of
Alabama. Last September an article shed light on the fact that a sorority was keeping African Americans from joining (Crain & Ford, 2013). Hundreds of students gathered to protest, one group held a sign that read, "Final Stand in the Schoolhouse Door," presumably in reference to Governor Wallace's silly act (Associated Press, 2013). The university president said that racial segregation will not be tolerated and the sorority must find a better recruitment plan (Associated Press, 2013). Back atcha, Governor Wallace.

Resources
Crain, A. & Ford, M. (2013, September 11). The Final Barrier: 50 years later, segregation still exists. The Crimson White. Retrieved from http://cw.ua.edu

Associated Press. (2013, September 18). Top of Form University of Alabama: hundreds protest Greek system racial segregation. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com